How can biomimicry advance the development of self-repairing infrastructure in urban engineering?

As urban environments grow increasingly complex, the maintenance of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings presents a significant challenge. Biomimicry, the design and production of materials, structures, and systems inspired by nature, offers promising solutions in this realm. By studying organisms that exhibit self-healing capabilities, like certain plants and animals that regenerate after injury, engineers are exploring materials and designs that allow structures to 'self-repair'. For instance, research into concrete that can heal its own cracks through the incorporation of bacteria or chemical agents is underway. This question examines the potential breakthroughs that biomimicry could deliver in creating more sustainable and resilient urban infrastructure, discussing both current advancements and potential future applications.