How does the Linux kernel handle memory management to ensure efficient multitasking?

Memory management is a critical aspect of operating systems, particularly in a multitasking environment like Linux. The Linux kernel employs various strategies and data structures to manage the system's memory resources effectively, ensuring that multiple processes can run simultaneously without conflicts. Key concepts in this process include paging, segmentation, and the virtual memory system. Furthermore, Linux utilizes demand paging and a hierarchy of memory management units to optimize performance. Understanding how the kernel organizes, allocates, and reclaims memory can provide insights into its capability to run complex applications efficiently. This question explores the techniques and mechanisms at play within the Linux memory management system and its impact on performance and stability.